It’s halftime and you’re down 21. When the going gets tough, the tough ask questions.
There is a winner and a loser in every athletic contest involving teams. It is just as true now as it was 2,600 years ago when the prophet Habakkuk watched the godless Chaldeans crush his country to powder. He wasn’t happy about it. Not one bit.
It is the first Sunday in November and the NFL season is at its midpoint. Teams are playing their eighth or ninth game (depending on their bye week). In 2024, the Philadelphia Eagles won Super Bowl LIX with a 40-22 rout of the two-time defending champs, the Kansas City Chiefs.
Following this astonishing victory, coach Nick Sirianni and quarterback Jalen Hurts expressed their gratitude to God. “God’s blessed us very much,” Sirianni told Fox reporter Tom Rinaldi after the win. “He gave us all the talents to be able to get here, so first and foremost, thanks to him.” Eagles cornerback Darius Slay thanked his “Lord and Savior” while speaking after the big win. In a postgame interview with Erin Andrews, Hurts also gave glory to God. “God is good. He’s greater than all the highs and the lows,” he said, later adding, “Thank God, thank you, Jesus.”
Thanking God isn’t limited to football. At the Paris 2024 Summer Olympics, gymnast Simone Biles became the most decorated American gymnast in Olympics history. In acknowledging her medals, Biles has not been afraid to express her gratitude to God. She credits her faith in God for her success. “I don’t physically understand how I do it,” she said in a 2021 interview. “It (is) a God-given talent.”
There are other athletes who openly acknowledge a connection with their faith: Stephen Curry, Kurt Warner, Drew Brees, Tim Tebow, coach Tony Dungy, Clayton Kershaw and Russell Wilson, to name a few.
From Super Bowl MVPs to undrafted rookies, many athletes point upward before they celebrate with teammates. And it isn’t just for show. You may remember the traumatic collapse of Buffalo Bills safety Damar Hamlin on the field in 2023 and how players knelt in prayer. The whole nation watched as faith reentered the public square through football.
There is something powerful about watching someone under intense pressure — battered and bruised — choose to give glory to God.
But what if you are on the losing side of an athletic contest? You don’t hear players accusing God for the loss. But they often feel as though they were on the short end of the yardage stick as far as the referees were concerned. They were defeated, not only by the other team and perhaps superior coaching, but by the referees.
Before diving into Habakkuk’s existential crisis of faith and pouting accusations against God, let’s refresh our memory about the relationship between football and life.
A Game of Inches
Consider the following thoughts after you leave church and turn on the TV to watch the [insert your favorite or hometown team].
It’s a game of inches — and so is life. Just like a game can pivot on a spot, fingertip catch or goal-line stand, life often hinges on small moments. A word of encouragement or choice made in the quiet requires focus and determination in seemingly minor details. Faithfulness in the little things leads to breakthroughs in the big things.
You get knocked down — and you get back up. In football, getting hit is guaranteed. The key isn’t avoiding hits, it is learning how to get back up. Life is similar. Pain comes and loss happens, but resilience — born of faith — is what carries us forward. “Though we stumble, we shall not fall headlong, for the LORD holds us by the hand” (Psalm 37:24).
You don’t win alone. No touchdown happens in a vacuum. When Derrick Henry runs with the ball, he has blockers, a coach who called the play, a quarterback who safely handed the ball off, and teammates who sacrificed for the run. Life is deeply communal. We need each other. And we need God in the huddle. “Bear one another’s burdens, and in this way, you will fulfill the law of Christ” (Galatians 6:2).
There is a playbook — but you still must improvise. Players study the playbook all week, but game day always brings surprises — missed assignments, broken plays, last-second audibles. Faith is lived the same way: we know God’s Word, but life throws curveballs. Faith requires both discipline and discernment. “Your word is a lamp to my feet and a light to my path” (Psalm 119:105).
The outcome isn’t always obvious. There are times in a game when the score doesn’t reflect the heart on the field. Sometimes it looks like defeat … until the last drive. Habakkuk is standing in the middle of a season that looks like loss. But God reminds him, “there is still a vision for the appointed time” (Habakkuk 2:3). “We walk by faith, not by sight” (2 Corinthians 5:7).
Halftime adjustments are part of the game. No matter how well you planned, the first half may not go how you expected. But that doesn’t mean the game is over. Coaches re-strategize. Players regroup. The same is true in life — and in faith. God is a God of second winds and second chances. “Forgetting what lies behind and straining forward to what lies ahead” (Philippians 3:13).
The crowd isn’t always on your side. Players often must tune out the boos, ignore the trash talk and stick to their roles. In life, too, we must learn to listen to the voice of the Coach, not the noise of the crowd. “My sheep hear my voice … and they follow me” (John 10:27).
A Prophet in the Bleachers
Let’s shift the focus back to our frustrated prophet. Imagine Habakkuk not as a temple priest, but as a spectator in the bleachers watching his home team take a beating. He was as shocked as Kansas City fans were when Philadelphia took a 34-0 lead in the Super Bowl. He’s a fan and he’s apoplectic — boiling mad, seething with incandescent fury. He fires off two flaming questions to the Almighty: “How long?” and “Why?” These questions are as old as faith itself.
“How long?” Habakkuk isn’t whispering polite prayers. He is standing on the edge of despair, daring to ask what many believers quietly wonder when life goes off the rails and God seems distant.
Habakkuk watches violence erupt on the field of life. Justice is being ignored. Wickedness is winning. The bad guys — the Chaldeans — are not just ahead on the scoreboard; they’re dominating the game. And worst of all? God seems silent. Uninvolved. Unmoved.
Habakkuk wants to know (as we often do) where God is when things fall apart. This is the prayer of someone who has prayed for justice and heard nothing, waited for healing and seen none, and pleaded for change and was rewarded with stonewalled silence.
Habakkuk is not asking, “How long until lunch?” He is asking, “How long until the pain ends? How long until You show up? How long must I hold out when nothing is changing?”
This is the question of the weary, the ones who have waited faithfully and felt forgotten.
And here is the grace: God allows the question. The Bible never silences lament. In fact, the very presence of this question in Scripture validates our own cries of “How long?” The psalmist himself frequently encountered a “Hidden God,” or the terrifying reality of a Deus absconditus. In Psalm 13 he laments:
“How long wilt thou forget me, O Lord? for ever? how long wilt thou hide thy face from me?
How long shall I take counsel in my soul, having sorrow in my heart daily? how long shall mine enemy be exalted over me?” (Psalm 13:1-2, KJV).
The Bible doesn’t hide the despair of its faith heroes. Depending on the translation you have in your hand, the question is asked more than 50 times. For example, the prophet Isaiah asked, “How long, O Lord?” (6:11) as did Jeremiah, “Ah, sword of the LORD! How long till you are quiet? Put yourself into your scabbard; rest and be still!” (47:6). In the book of Zechariah, the same question is posed: “Then the angel of the LORD said, ‘O LORD of hosts, how long will you have no mercy on Jerusalem and the cities of Judah, against which you have been angry these seventy years?’” (1:12). And in Revelation, the question appears again: “They cried out with a loud voice, ‘O Sovereign Lord, holy and true, how long before you will judge and avenge our blood on those who dwell on the earth?’” (6:10, emphasis added in this paragraph. For more of the same in the psalms, see 6:3; 13:1-2; 35:17; 79:5; 80:4; 89:46; 90:13; 94:3; and 119:84).
So, we need not fear to ask in our prayers to God, “How long?” Because to ask, “How long?” is not a lack of faith. It’s the language of faith under pressure, and many saints of the church have asked it. It is what the faithful do when hope is tested.
What Is the Answer?
Alas, the answer to the “How long” question is as varied as one’s circumstances in life. Hebrews 11 tells the tale of those who “died in faith without having received the promises” (Hebrews 11:13). Sometimes, God chooses not to remove the “thorn in the flesh” at all, but to give us the strength to endure (see 2 Corinthians 12:8-10).
And we are not always the ones who ask, “How long?” Sometimes, God has the same question on his mind. He looks at our behavior and wonders what in the world we’re thinking. God asked Moses, “How long will you refuse to keep my commandments and my instructions?” (Exodus 16:28, emphasis added). Perhaps we’ve never considered it, but we are clearly able to confuse, frustrate, irritate and even anger the very God we claim at times is aloof and unreachable.
What sort of chutzpah, arrogance or narcissism is required to go after God for neglecting the duties of the divine office, when on any given day we are behaving like disobedient children with no qualms about breaking a commandment or two. Even Jesus wondered how long he would have the patience to put up with the likes of us: “O faithless and perverse generation, how long shall I be with you, and suffer you?” (Luke 9:41, emphasis added).
“How long?” will be answered, but on God’s timetable. Meanwhile, perhaps we should use the intervening time to take spiritual inventory.
“Why?” This is the second question Habakkuk lobs at God. If “How long?” is the cry of exhaustion, then “Why?” is the cry of confusion. This is anguish, not curiosity. It is a heart trying to make sense of suffering.
This question is woven through Scripture: “Why does the way of the guilty prosper? Why do all who are treacherous thrive?” asks Jeremiah (12:1). Job wonders why he didn’t die in childbirth (3:3). David asks God, “Why, O LORD, do you stand far off? Why do you hide yourself in times of trouble?” (10:1).
And again, the Bible gives room for this question. God is not offended by our “Why?” In fact, God welcomes it because the question itself is a form of worship. It says: “I still believe you’re just … I just don’t see it yet. I still trust you’re good … but I’m struggling to understand how.”
Faith doesn’t always provide quick answers, but it gives us the courage to keep asking. To bring it into prayer. And like Habakkuk, to climb the watchtower and wait — believing that even if God delays, God will not stay silent. So, the prophet asks his “Why?” questions.
Even Jesus, in a moment of anguish, asks a question that echoes this lament: “My God, my God, why have you forsaken me?”
These are our questions, too:
Habakkuk stands in for all of us. And the good news is that he is not silenced, shamed or scolded.
God’s Halftime Speech
Habakkuk climbs his “watchtower” — his place of prayer and perspective. In life, we can expect to have times when we need to walk away from the ledge, take deep breaths, and set aside time for serious thinking and prayer. Habakkuk doesn’t walk away in a huff. He doesn’t throw in the towel or storm off the field. Instead, he sits on a locker room bench, looking for meaning and waiting for instruction. He has raised hard questions. Now, he listens.
God speaks, but it isn’t the answer Habakkuk expected. God offers no immediate solutions. God’s answer to the chaos of the world is not a timetable; it’s a call to trust. Not a promise of immediate victory, but a reminder of how to endure.
God gives Habakkuk a pep talk. His response includes four important keys to understanding how God operates and how we survive and thrive in times of chaos, delay or discouragement.
1. Take notes. Write this down. The actual words are “Write the vision; make it plain on tablets, so that a runner may read it.” (2:2). God is saying, “You need to remember what I’m about to tell you. And others will need it, too.” This isn’t just a private word for the prophet. It is a message for the long game. God wants his word written down and made plain so it can be passed along and carried like a playbook into the next quarter of life.
God has a penchant for the written word. Moses is instructed to take notes and codify the commandments in stone tablets. The apostle John is told by the “Son of Man” to “write what you have seen, what is, and what is to take place after this” (Revelation 1:13, 19). John even mentions the importance of his written gospel: “These are written so that you may come to believe that Jesus is the Messiah, the Son of God, and that through believing you may have life in his name” (John 20:31).
When we receive truth from God — in prayer, in Scripture, in the whisper of the Spirit — we’re not just meant to hold it. We’re meant to record it and share it. Your faith feeds you and becomes someone else’s encouragement.
2. Wait for it. “For the vision has its appointed time … If it seems to tarry, wait for it; it will surely come, it will not delay” (2:3). This is a play straight from the discipline of the game. You don’t abandon the game plan just because you’re down at halftime. You trust the training. You trust the Coach. You wait for the breakthrough. God tells Habakkuk: “Just because you don’t see the victory yet doesn’t mean it isn’t on the way.” The vision has its appointed time. It’s not a matter of if — it’s a matter of when.
Faith doesn't mean we get instant answers. It means we trust the outcome even in the delay. The greatest spiritual victories are often preceded by the longest silences.
3. The proud will fall. “Look at the proud! Their spirit is not right in them …” (2:4). God now shifts Habakkuk’s perspective. Yes, the Babylonians are dominating the scoreboard — for now. But don’t mistake their success for righteousness. Their pride is a flaw, not a strength. It will be their downfall.
God is essentially saying to us, “Don’t envy the wicked. Don’t fear the oppressors. Their moment is temporary.” Pride looks like power. But it is paper-thin. Don’t be tempted to build your life on appearances. God sees deeper, and justice will come.
4. Live by faith. “… but the righteous shall live by their faith.” (2:4). Here it is — the halftime mantra. No rah-rah speech. No promise of immediate reversal. Just a challenge and a calling: Live by your faith.
Trust in the One who sees the whole field. This one line goes on to shape the entire New Testament theology of grace and salvation (quoted by Paul in Romans 1:17 and Galatians 3:11, and by the writer of Hebrews in 10:38). And it was this verse cited by the apostle Paul in Romans 1:17 that knocked the socks of an Augustinian friar called Martin Luther and launched the Protestant Reformation early in the 16th century. Yes, life can be confusing and sometimes evil seems to win, and justice feels delayed. But the righteous don’t panic. They persist. They live by their faith.
This isn’t faith as sentimentality. It isn’t blind optimism or bumper-sticker theology. This is gritty, grounded, watchtower faith — the kind of faith that prays hard, waits long and lives well even when God’s ways are hard to understand. Victory is not always visible. But faith is always vital.
What Do We Do Now?
How do we live in times like these — when politics seem broken, when the economy feels uncertain, when violence fills the headlines, and our prayers seem to go unanswered?
Like Habakkuk, we must:
Habakkuk’s honest complaint and confession and God’s straightforward response helps us to remember what anchors us when the game gets tough.
We live by faith. Not passive faith. Not silent faith.
Call it a gridiron gospel — resilient, responsive and real.
Amen.
—Timothy Merrill and Carl Wilton contributed to this material.
Sources
Jezik, Sydney. “The faith of Simone Biles, the most decorated American gymnast ever.” Yahoo.com, July 31, 2024. Retrieved April 23, 2025.
Muehlenberg, Bill. “How long O Lord?” billmuehlenberg.com, October 3, 2020. Retrieved April 24, 2025.
Raye, Miranda. “Eagles players & coach Nick Sirianni give glory to God after Super Bowl win.” https://countrymusicfamily.com, February 10, 2025. Retrieved April 23, 2025.
Psalm 119:137-144
What Is One Possible Approach to the Text?
“Understanding” for Life. “Understanding” is an interesting word because, at first glance, it doesn’t seem to make sense. If we think of “under” as meaning “beneath,” the word might mean “beneath where one stands.” But its Old English meaning is closer to “among, between” or inter-. The best sense of “under” might be “to be close to.” So, there we have it: God’s Word, the psalmist asserts, gives him understanding for life. In other words, the Word stands — or situates — him perfectly, right in the center of life, a life lived for God. Here are his conclusions: God’s Word is “righteous” (vv. 138, 144), tested (“well-tried,” v. 140) and “truth” (v. 142). The psalmist therefore “loves” (v. 140), remembers (v. 141) and delights (v. 143). He has unlocked the secret of understanding the meaning of life. God’s Word “stands” him in the center of the will of God. Is there a better place to be?
What Does the Text Say?
Psalm 119, the longest psalm (and de facto chapter) in the Bible, is an extended meditation on “the law of the LORD” (v. 1b). It is an alphabetic acrostic of 22 eight-line stanzas, each beginning with a letter of the Hebrew alphabet in sequence. Although something of a literary tour de force, the psalm lacks a clear, logical sequence of ideas, making it, like most other alphabetic acrostic psalms, less than satisfactory in spots. Although unique in its scale, Psalm 119 shares the acrostic form (in various permutations) with Psalms 9-10 (one psalm in the Septuagint), 25, 34, 37, 111, 112 and 145. In our case in today’s reading, every verse starts with the Hebrew letter sadhe, the 18th letter of the Hebrew alphabet. The psalmist begins the pericope by reaffirming the essential righteousness of Yahweh, leading to the inevitable conclusion that the “judgments” of such a righteous God are “right.” Not only that, but they are “well tried” (v. 140), meaning tested and purified as though by a refiner’s fire. As one might react to any precious metal that has been purified by fire, the psalmist “loves it” (v. 140). The psalmist hints that others regarded him as puny and of no consequence, but this will not deter him (v. 141) because God’s Word gives him “understanding that I may live” (v. 144).
2 Thessalonians 1:1-4, 11-12
What Is One Possible Approach to the Text?
Wellness Checkup for the Church. Health care professionals will unanimously agree that wellness checkups, preventive care and annual physicals are important for maintaining good health. Ten signs of good health are:
There, that’s all. Not so bad, is it? The apostle Paul gives the Thessalonian church a positive initial assessment. This is a congregation that is healthy. The three vital signs that point to this are:
What are the signs in your congregation of faith that is growing, love that is increasing and steadfastness that is unabated?
What Does the Text Say?
The letter begins with a typical Hellenistic epistolary greeting in which Paul wishes his readers grace and peace from the same God and Lord, a high Christological statement that places Jesus right alongside God as the giver of blessings. The next seven verses make up only one sentence in Greek. The author begins by asserting that his thanksgiving to God on behalf of his brothers and sisters in the congregation is necessary and worthy. Although Paul normally gives thanks for the congregations to whom he’s writing, this letter is unique in expressing thanks as an obligation (“we must” ofeilw). Paul enumerates two causes for this gratitude. First, the people’s faith is growing abundantly (uperauxanw). Second, the love among them — the love each one has for everyone else in their community — abounds. In addition to the people’s faith and love, Paul boasts about their endurance of all the persecutions and tribulations they’ve experienced. (These difficulties are also mentioned in 1 Thessalonians 1:6.) Hence, the qualities for which Paul is thankful in the lives of this congregation are the qualities mentioned in the first epistle (faith, love and endurance; 1 Thessalonians 1:3), yet this letter lacks any mention of the exemplary quality of their hope.
Luke 19:1-10
What Is One Possible Approach to the Text?
The Revenue Agent Does the Right Thing. The right thing that the revenue agent in this story does is to give his erstwhile clients not only a refund, but four times the amount he charged them! Zacchaeus does the right thing. He also gives away half of his net worth. Put pencil to paper in your head to see how that would change your lifestyle. These actions are evidence that this short, rich man has repented and is willing to follow Jesus. Unlike the rich young “ruler” in an earlier chapter of Luke, here is a rich (presumably old) man who does enter the kingdom and who is restored to his people. It all happens because he repents and does the right thing. Of what do we need to repent? What right things, perhaps even radical things, do we need to do today?
What Does the Text Say?
For Luke, Zacchaeus is the main attraction in the great city of Jericho, and he tells his readers several things about him right away. First, he is a arcitelwnhV, the chief tax collector, and the only character so designated in the NT. Second, Luke indicates that he was a man of wealth. Finally, Luke says that Zacchaeus wants to see Jesus, but his reason for seeking Jesus is that he does not know who Jesus is. Zacchaeus is curious. However, just like the blind man, he is unable to see Jesus, not because of his eyes, but because of the crowd. This may be an indication of the hugeness of the crowd, all of whom are also trying to see Jesus, but this does not seem to be Luke’s point when we learn the final detail about the character Zacchaeus — namely, that he is a man of small stature. So, just like the blind man, something about his physical makeup hinders him from seeing Jesus. He circumvents the problem presented by the crowd. He runs ahead of them and climbs up a sycamore tree, or more precisely, a fig-mulberry plant, which must have provided enough height for him to get to see Jesus. It is here that his similarity with the blind man ceases, because the text does not say that Zacchaeus said anything to get Jesus’ attention (see Luke 18:38-39). Instead, unprovoked by Zacchaeus or the crowd, Jesus looks up in the tree and addresses him by name. He commands him to get down from the tree because that day Jesus wants to abide in his house. Zacchaeus obeys him exactly. He proclaims his commitment to give away half of his belongings and repay anyone he has wronged fourfold. In response, Jesus proclaims that salvation has come to this house today.
God of the prophets, you have promised to be with us whenever two or three are gathered in your name. You have shown yourself faithful to us, and you have been our friend and loving critic. Help us learn to be faithful in return, beginning this day with our worship. Turn our hearts and minds to you, so that this community of faith may truly be the body of Christ, in whose name we pray.
Faithful God, we dwell in a time and a place where the fragments of broken promises are strewn about our marketplaces, courthouses, churches, offices, schools, playgrounds and homes ... the wreckage of once great hopes and ideals, the debris of shattered trust.
In all creation, you alone are truly fail-safe. You faithfully keep your promises to us, even when we carelessly break your heart, and even when we crucify our Lord anew by breaking faith and abandoning responsibility. Forgive us for the times we have failed to mirror your faithfulness in our relationships with people who have trusted in us. Heal whatever hurt we have caused. Give them the power and the bravery to forgive us. Help us in turn to forgive those who have violated the trust we once put in them. Let your grace flow over and between us, washing away any lingering bitterness. Support us while we make new beginnings together.
Teach us that we cannot be faithful to anyone if we are not faithful first to you. Help us respect, love and trust you above anything else. Anchored by faith in you, support the commitments we have made to family, friends, associates, clients, community and country.
Help spouses remain faithful to one another. Help parents fulfill the covenant they made when they brought children into the world. Help children honor their parents. Help us become more dependable friends and coworkers. Help us treat our superiors, associates and clients with respect and integrity. Make us worthy of the trust others place in us so that they can glimpse in our lives something of your steadfast love and faithfulness. Amen.
Go forth with God’s blessing:
Speak the truth,
Show the faith,
Share the love.
The God of peace is with you, now and forever.
Hymns
By Gracious Powers
If Thou But Suffer God to Guide Thee
Lord, Teach Us How to Pray Aright
Worship and Praise*
Lord I Run to You (Walker)
His Glory and My Good (Fielding, Thompson, Robinson)
Give Me Faith (Brown, Gatch, Brock, Joye)
*For licensing and permission to reprint or display these songs on screen, go to ccli.com. The worship and praise songs suggested by Homiletics can be found in most cases on Google by using the title as the search term.
on Habakkuk 1:1-4; 2:1-4
We know relatively little about the prophet Habakkuk or the circumstances during which he lived (assuming he was a historical person and not the symbolic representation of a type of prophet or group of people, i.e., “the righteous” mentioned early in the book that bears his name). He appears to have lived and worked during the height of the Chaldean (Babylonian) Empire, ca. 626-562 B.C., which is portrayed in the book’s opening chapter as the instrument of God’s judgment against Judah (1:6-11). The twin threats of internal unrest and external menace have been confronting God’s people for a while by the time Habakkuk delivers a set of oracles and an extensive prayer on behalf of those people.
The book of Habakkuk as we have it today is clearly a composite literary creation, with the hymn in chapter 3 [the so-called “prayer of the prophet Habakkuk” (3:1)], containing its own superscription (3:1) and postscript (3:19b), both later editorial additions to what appears to be an early composition redacted into the current book. Apart from their form as oracles, the collection of dialogs or conversations that makes up the bulk of the book has little thematic unity. Justice — or its apparent lack — comes closest to the dominating idea of the book of this obscure prophet.
The first of today’s readings is described in the editorial superscription as an “oracle,” using the Hebrew word massa, derived from a verbal root meaning “carry, bear, lift (up),” including the voice in solemn declarations. (Because prophets don’t ordinarily describe themselves or their activities in the third person, we can safely assume an editor added the superscription.) This may be the sense of the derived noun used by the prophets, especially Isaiah (13:1; 14:28; 15:1; 17:1; 19:1; etc.; see Brown, Driver and Briggs, A Hebrew and English Lexicon of the Old Testament [Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1906], 670). It’s also possible that the word massa, which is far less common than the ordinary word for oracle, ne’um, was understood in its more usual sense of “burden” (from “that which is borne”), as the prophets regularly understood their calling to be an unwelcome burden to which the deity summoned them, often against their strong protests (see, especially, Jeremiah).
Habakkuk’s name, which occurs in the OT only here and in the hymn in 3:1, is based on a Hebrew root meaning “clasp, embrace.” It’s uncertain if the prophet’s name is symbolic (i.e., “The One Embraced” — by God? By historical events? By the burden of prophecy?) or is simply a given name.
A conversation begins in verse 2 between the prophet and God that will continue through 2:20. The prophet asks, in anguished detail, how long he must cry for help with no response from the deity. The question-complaint, “How long?” is common in biblical literature (e.g., Job 19:2; Psalm 13:1, 2), although the Hebrew expression used here, ’ad-anah, is less frequent than its synonym, ’ad-matai (e.g., Psalm 6:3).
The prophet’s complaint is that he is surrounded by “[v]iolence” (v. 2), a word that occurs in Habakkuk six times (here and at 1:3, 9; 2:8, 17 twice), an unusually dense concentration of an idea in such a brief book. The violence of which the prophet cries is paralleled by a series of synonyms in verse 3: “wrongdoing,” “trouble,” “[d]estruction,” “strife” and “contention.” The unrest appears to be internal conflict, which would comport well with what little we know of the historical circumstances in which the prophet worked. In the last quarter of the seventh century and first decade of the sixth century B.C., the Chaldean Empire was reaching its zenith, marked by its defeat of an Egyptian force at Carchemish in 605 B.C. That defeat left the Chaldeans, under their most famous king, Nabu-kudurri-usur II (biblical Nebuchadnezzar), as political masters of the region in which Judah was a bit player, struggling to remain nominally independent while being internally torn by pro-Egyptian and pro-Babylonian factions. From the perspective of a Yahwistic prophet such as Habakkuk, neither pro-Egyptian defiance nor pro-Babylonian appeasement represented faithful responses to Judah’s political crisis, which was viewed in terms of the covenant God had established with the people centuries before through Moses. The “wicked” in verse 4 could represent either the pro-Egyptian or pro-Babylonian party, given that both had abandoned the Lord as their true leader in their desire to placate either the Egyptian or Babylonian ruler, and the “righteous” are likely those adherents of traditional Yahwism.
The second half of today’s reading (2:1-4) continues the autobiographical first-person conversation between the prophet and the deity, with the prophet assuming the figure of sentry (2:1), an image found elsewhere in prophetic literature (e.g., Isaiah 21:8; Ezekiel 33:1-9). The prophet is waiting to see what God’s response will be to his second complaint (shock that the deity would use an enemy of Judah as an instrument of judgment against the chosen people), and the deity’s response is to command the prophet to “[w]rite the vision” (v. 2), revealing the close connection in prophetic literature between auditory and visual revelation.
The vision that the prophet is to make “plain on tablets” is the impending punishment of the proud, who are contrasted with the righteous, who “live by their faith [or faithfulness]” (v. 4). The theme of the righteous living (i.e., avoiding the disaster of premature death) by their faithfulness to the covenant between God and Israel was deeply rooted in traditional Israelite religion (see, for example, Psalm 16:9-11), and it will become prominent during the intertestamental and NT periods, emerging in early Christian literature as the doctrine of “justification by faith” (see, e.g., Romans 1:17, where Paul quotes Habakkuk 2:4 in a form that doesn’t agree completely with either the Hebrew or the Greek versions; see also Galatians 3:11).
As subsequent verses in this chapter indicate, Habakkuk doesn’t use the word “proud” to describe simply those with a particular psychological or emotional disposition. Rather, he is condemning a lifestyle with real material consequences that exploits the vulnerable for the comfort and security of the wealthy and powerful (see vv. 5-11), whose moral and spiritual blindness — “Their spirit is not right in them” (v. 4) — will result not only in their destruction but in the destruction of those whose fortunes they control. This internal social injustice, no less than the external threat from the “fierce and impetuous” Chaldeans (1:6), is a source of anguish to the prophet, who cries out, apparently in sustained frustration, for redress from the deity. Indeed, given the relative space devoted to each topic in the book, it appears that Habakkuk understood Judah’s social injustice to be the cause of its impending punishment by the Chaldeans, a perspective that anchors Habakkuk firmly in the tradition of much prophetic literature.
AT A GLANCE
Have you noticed the increasing number of NFL players who give God kudos? There’s something powerful about watching someone battered and bruised choose to give glory to God. Asking how long we must endure hardship in our own lives is not a lack of faith. It’s the language of faith under pressure.
RELATED TITLES IN THIS TOPIC
FAITH
PROPHETS
SPORTS
ANIMATING ILLUSTRATIONS
Five athletes reached the final stage of the men’s pole vault at the 1936 Olympics, having cleared the then impressive height of 4m 15cm. At the climactic jump-off, with 25,000 spectators braving the chill of the Berlin evening, it eventually grew so dark that night-lighting had to be switched on. …
Earle Meadows, [an] American, cleared 4.35 — a mighty vault in those days, which the remaining three, one American and two Japanese, all attempted without success. Meadows went on to try 4.45, but failed. But the main part of the competition was settled. Meadows took gold — leaving the other three to take part in a jump-off to determine who should take silver and bronze.
Bill Sefton, the American, failed to clear the bar on the first trial. The two Japanese competitors succeeded, meaning each was assured of a medal. But who would get which?
Both young men were students, Shuhei Nishida at Waseda University and Sueo Oe at Keio. More importantly, both were friends. And so — to general astonishment — they refused to compete further. They wanted to share the honours.
Their request was rejected. Someone had to take bronze and someone silver. The Japanese team was told to make its own decision about who should claim second place and who third. After lengthy discussion, it was agreed that Nishida, who had vaulted 4.25 at his first attempt, should take precedence over Oe, who had needed two attempts at that height.
The medals were awarded on that basis. But the athletes remained dissatisfied. Returning to Japan, they decided to take matters into their own hands. They had both medals cut in half and then fused into two hybrid medals, each half-silver and half-bronze (although the “bronze” was actually copper). The medals became known as “The Medals of Friendship.”
—Richard Askwith, “Great Olympic Friendships: Shuhei Nishida and Sueo Oe, the friends who wouldn’t be divided by their medals,” The Independent, August 5, 2016.
https://www.independent.co.uk/sport/olympics/rio-2016-olympics-shuhei-nishida-and-sueo-oe-berlin-1936-japan-the-friends-who-wouldn-t-be-divided-by-their-medals-7166816.html.
Retrieved June 6, 2025.
Why do I pray?
Not because I believe that God grants favors to people because they pray, or to those who pray the most fervently. If that were so, I can only imagine what would happen when Ole Miss plays the Crimson Tide in college football in October in Oxford or Tuscaloosa. No team would ultimately be able to triumph; the stands and states are too packed with the competitively devout. You’d have a football game that goes on forever in some sort of divinely inspired timeless warp of lead changes. The players would ultimately expire from exhaustion.
Instead, I pray because I’m grateful. I wake up in the morning and, even if the baby is crying and I don’t feel as rested as I wish I did, I am grateful to be waking up to a new day. …
I’m needful. Not of a winning football team. Not of a parking space at the mall. Not, in fact, for any special favors no matter how serious. But of light — what the Quakers perhaps best call the “inner light” that comes from God. …
For all of those things and many more, I am both needy and grateful.
—Jon M. Sweeney, “Why I Pray,” HuffPost, July 11, 2011.
http://www.huffingtonpost.com/jon-m-sweeney/why-i-pray_b_888688.html.
Retrieved June 6, 2025.
An American understanding of competition has no place in the life of the church. Our “reward” for following Christ’s call on our lives is most often not about winning or coming in first, but by simply knowing that, at the depths of our souls, we are doing what God intends. … Ultimately, if the church places competition and winning before community, we begin to see others as less-than, unworthy of acknowledgment and, in essence, a failure at being a child of God. And when we can look at someone as not created equally, we can then oppress, marginalize and ignore all in the name of the church … a church that somehow is made up of “winners.”
Now I am in no way saying that we should stop trying to do well or to seek excellence in the church. All I am saying is that the driving force behind the life of the church must not be one based on winning, recognition or the “reward” at the end of the day. What should drive our life as the church is the knowledge and belief that God has already rewarded us with the very breath we breathe in the morning, the wonder of creation around us and the promise of life everlasting in Christ.
So win, lose or come in dead last, Jesus couldn’t really care less.
Just be faithful.
Just be faithful.
Just be faithful.
—Bruce Reyes-Chow, “Jesus Doesn’t Want You to ‘Win the Future,’” Day1.org, February 15, 2011.
https://day1.org/articles/5d9b820ef71918cdf2002d1f/view.
Retrieved June 6, 2025.
[Sometimes an excessive focus on competition on the field can lead us to miss more important things happening in real life.]
Nineteenth-century baseball often suffered game delays, suspensions, and even cancellations due to weather or dusk. But a game between the Baltimore Orioles and Boston Beaneaters on May 15, 1894, at Boston’s South End Grounds concluded prematurely for a more life-threatening reason: fire. “It was a hot game, sure enough,” The Boston Globe reported. …
Unexpected fireworks first broke out on the field. As the Beaneaters’ Tommy “Foghorn” Tucker slid into third, the Orioles’ John McGraw kicked him in the face. Although the umpire broke up the ensuing brawl, Tucker nursed his sore jaw while awaiting an opportunity to avenge his injury.
That opportunity didn’t come because with the Orioles at bat in the next inning, Boston right fielder James “Foxy” Bannon spotted a fire under the right-field bleachers. He rushed over to the stands and tried “to stamp out the flames with his feet.” At first, most fans ignored the fire, preferring to watch the fiery Tucker in anticipation that he would “get even with the young Baltimore sport.” …
But a sudden, powerful gust of wind spread the fire, causing the “blackened and exhausted” Bannon to give up his “gallant efforts.” Panicking fans “in the 25-cent bleachers rushed out on to the field, breaking the fence and tumbling over one another to get away from the heat.”
The conflagration swept swiftly around the outfield fence to the left-field bleachers, then up the line to the grandstand, setting “the whole pavilion ablaze [with] the fire running wizard-like up to its highest tower.” Witnesses later estimated that the fire destroyed the South End Grounds in less than 45 minutes.
[This essay was originally published in Inventing Baseball: The 100 Greatest Games of the 19th Century (2013), ed. Bill Felber.]
—Terry Gottschall, “May 15, 1894: ‘It Was a Hot Game, Sure Enough!’” Society for American Baseball Research. https://sabr.org/gamesproj/game/may-15-1894-it-was-a-hot-game-sure-enough/.
Retrieved June 6, 2025.
And that’s not all. The fire spread beyond the ballfield to nearby neighborhoods. Before the last ember was extinguished, 12 acres were burned, 200 buildings were destroyed and 1900 people were left homeless.
We are called to learn the anguished cry of lament.
Lament is the cry of Martin Luther King Jr. … from his kitchen table in Montgomery after hearing yet another death threat: “Lord, I’m down here trying to do what’s right. … But Lord, I must confess that I’m weak now, I’m faltering. I’m losing my courage. Now, I am afraid … I am at the end of my powers. I have nothing left. I’ve come to the point where I can’t face it alone.”
It was not a cry in isolation but rather a tradition King had learned from generations of African American families who were literally torn apart by slavery. …
Lament is the cry of the psalmists of Israel in exile who, feeling abandoned by God, demanded, “Where are you, Lord?” Or the psalmists who were bothered by God’s remarkably bad sense of timing: “Why are you taking so long?” …
Lament is not despair. It is not whining. It is not a cry into a void. Lament is a cry directed to God. It is the cry of those who see the truth of the world’s deep wounds and the cost of seeking peace. It is the prayer of those who are deeply disturbed by the way things are. We are enjoined to learn to see and feel what the psalmists see and feel and to join our prayer with theirs.
—Richard Rohr, “Lamentation: A Cry to God,” Center for Action and Contemplation, April 19, 2023.
https://cac.org/daily-meditations/a-cry-to-god-2023-04-19/.
Retrieved June 6, 2025.
CHILDREN'S SERMON
Tell the children about a time in your life when something happened and you thought it was the worst thing ever. But then it turned out to be the best thing ever. If you do not have something significant to share (like going to the emergency room because you broke your arm and meeting your spouse; or, not getting on a school team, but then discovering you excelled at a different sport), perhaps you can share a story of a friend. Ask the children if something happened to them that they thought was the worst thing ever, and then it turned out to be the best thing ever. With the help of the children, think of some situations that may be unwelcome: a move to another town, not getting into the class they wanted, or breaking a bone and having to wear a cast, for example. Then ask them to change the outcome of the situation to something positive. For example, after moving you met the best friend you ever had. Or you discovered that the teacher you didn’t want knew a lot about your favorite topic. Or breaking your arm made you realize the importance of two arms. And you got good at using your other arm, people wrote on your cast, and you didn’t have to do chores! Summarize by pointing out that we all have things happen to us that we didn’t plan on. Challenge them to see the gift in difficult situations.
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